Random USMLE Facts volume 8-3

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Random USMLE Facts volume 8-3:

USMLE Facts 1 USMLE Facts 2 USMLE Facts 3 USMLE Facts 4 USMLE Facts 5
USMLE Facts 6 USMLE Facts 7 USMLE Facts 8 USMLE Facts 9 USMLE Facts 10

What conversion pathway is defective in alkaptonuria?

Tyrosine to fumarate.

What diseases are caused by bartonella henselae?

Cat-scratch disease and bacillary angiomatosis.

Where do duodenal ulcers occur?

Pylorus. Pain begins 2-4 hours after eating a meal.

Where do gastric ulcers occur?

Lesser curvature of the stomach.

What causes aseptic meningitis?

Enterovirus.

How does poliomyelitis begin?

Symptoms of fever, malaise, and aseptic meningitis appear first. This is followed by myalgias and asymmetric paralysis.

If a tumor uptakes bromodeoxyuridine, what does it mean?

High grade tumor; many cells in the S phase.

What is the function of glycerol kinase in the liver?

Triacylglycerol synthesis, gluconeogenesis, and an intermediate in glycolysis.

Why do patients with Crohn's disease develop oxalate kidney stones?

Most bile acids are lost in the feces, and this causes fat malabsorption. However, oxalate is not excreted (because, in Crohn's disease, calcium binds to lipids) and excess oxalate is reabsorbed.

What happens to renal tubular cells in clear cell carcinoma?

These cells become packed with glycogen and lipids, and appear swollen.

How does hydroxyurea work in sickle cell patients?

Increases hemoglobin F synthesis.

What are the histological findings in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?

Tumor with keratin nests and pearls; caused due to alcohol consumption and smoking.

What happens to respiration at high altitude - after a few days of exposure?

• Reduced barometric pressure.
• Reduced inspired partial pressure of oxygen.
• PaO2 decreases.
• The resulting hypoxemia causes hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis.
• Increased blood pH and reduced PaCO2.

Rank some organs - from high to low - that suffer most from an occlusion:

CNS, heart, kidney, spleen, liver.

Which antipsychotic causes retinitis-pigmentosa?

Thioridazine.

Describe the lactose tolerance test:

50 g of lactose is administered orally and blood levels are measured at 0, 60, and 120 minutes. If blood glucose increases < 20 mg/dL, the individual is lactose intolerant. Thus, lactose intolerant individuals have increased stool osmotic gap, increased breath hydrogen content, and decreased stool pH.

In what part of the intestine are dietary lipids digested?

Duodenum.

In what part of the intestine are dietary lipids absorbed?

Jejunum.

NOTE: in patients who have had their gallbladder removed, dietary lipids are STILL absorbed in the jejunum. Cholecystectomy doesn't affect lipid digestion and absorption.

USMLE Facts 1 USMLE Facts 2 USMLE Facts 3 USMLE Facts 4 USMLE Facts 5
USMLE Facts 6 USMLE Facts 7 USMLE Facts 8 USMLE Facts 9 USMLE Facts 10

Additional Readings:

Random USMLE Facts

1. Random USMLE Facts volume 1-1
2. Random USMLE Facts volume 2-1
3. Random USMLE Facts volume 3-1
4. Random USMLE Facts volume 4-1
5. Random USMLE Facts volume 5-1
6. Random USMLE Facts volume 6-1
7. Random USMLE Facts volume 7-1
8. Random USMLE Facts volume 8-1
9. Random USMLE Facts volume 9-1
10. Random USMLE Facts volume 10-1
11. Random USMLE Facts volume 11-1
12. Random USMLE Facts volume 12-1

General and Systemic Examinations

1. General Examination for Internal Medicine
2. Jugular Venous Distention Workup
3. ER Chest Pain Workup
4. Format for Patient Presentation
5. Pulmonary Examination for Internal Medicine
6. Cardiac Examination for Internal Medicine
7. Abdominal Examination for Internal Medicine
8. Cranial Nerve Reflexes
9. Motor System Examination
10. Random Sensory System Facts
11. Random Stroke Facts

Medical Files & Presentations

1. USMLE Flashcards [Size: 1.9 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
2. Otitis Media in Children [Size: 5.4 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
3. Irritable Bowel Syndrome [Size: 170 kB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
4. Acid-Base Disturbance: Acidotic or Alkalotic? [Size: 427 kB; Format: PDF]
5. Thrombocytopenia [Size: 2.42 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
6. Are Face Transplants Ethical? [Size: 70.2 kB; Format: MS Powerpoint]

USMLE Step 2 CS Videos

1. Video of Cardiology Examination in a Clinical Setting
2. Video of Neurology Examination in a Clinical Setting
3. Video of Pulmonology Examination in a Clinical Setting
4. Video of Musculoskeletal Examination in a Clinical Setting
5. Video of Abdominal Examination in a Clinical Setting
6. Video of HEENT Examination in a Clinical Setting
7. Video and Description of Rinne Hearing Test
8. Video and Description of Weber Hearing Test

USMLE Laboratory (lab) Values

1. USMLE Blood Lab Values
2. USMLE Cerebrospinal Lab Values
3. USMLE Hematologic Lab Values
4. USMLE Sweat and Urine Lab Values

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Useful Medical Images & Diagrams (link opens in a new window)

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