Random USMLE Facts volume 8-5

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Random USMLE Facts volume 8-5:

USMLE Facts 1 USMLE Facts 2 USMLE Facts 3 USMLE Facts 4 USMLE Facts 5
USMLE Facts 6 USMLE Facts 7 USMLE Facts 8 USMLE Facts 9 USMLE Facts 10

What is streptococcus pneumoniae's virulence factor?

Capsule. Capsular swelling can destroy streptococcus pneumoniae.

NOTE: in AML, white blood cells produce a protein with affinity for retinoic acid.

What are some indicators of chronic alcohol consumption?

Elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and macrocytosis (increased MCV).

What is ischemic acute tubular necrosis?

Renal damage due to trauma. Most patients with ATN are fully cured by the action of tubular re- epithelialization.

What is dystrophic calcification?

Dystrophic calcification occurs in aged or damaged cardiac valves, and occurs in two stages: initiation and propagation. Dystrophic calcification is a hallmark of preceding cell injury and necrosis.

Which childhood brain tumors arise in the cerebellum?

Pilocytic astrocytomas and medulloblastomas (primitive cells and mitotic figures).

How is dietary fructose metabolized in patients with essential fructosuria?

By using the hexokinase to fructose-6-phosphate pathway.

What may be a treatment for malaria?

Mefloquine.

What is the histology of a craniopharyngioma?

Cystic space filled with a thick, brownish fluid rich in cholesterol.

What role does desmopressin (DDAVP) play in patients with von Willebrand's disease?

Desmopressin is an analog of vasopressin (ADH) and desmopressin increases vWF from endothelial cells.

What type of reaction is hyperacute transplant rejection?

Antibody-mediated hypersensitivity reaction.

What type of reaction is cell-mediated hypersensitivity?

Type IV hypersensitivity.

What type of reaction is immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity?

Type III hypersensitivity.

What is Tumor Lysis Syndrome?

Tumor Lysis Syndrome develops during chemotherapy for high-grade lymphomas, leukemias, and other tumors that have rapid cell turnover rate. One finding is oliguria due to uric acid precipitation in the collecting ducts due to low urine pH. Tumor Lysis Syndrome can be corrected with urine alkalization and hydration.

What are the findings in Hartnup disease?

In Hartnup disease, the intestinal and renal absorption of tryptophan is defective, and this results in niacin (vitamin B3) deficiency. Providing niacin is beneficial. Most children with Hartnup disease are asymptomatic.

What happens to muscle fibers with no T-tubules?

Uncoordinated contraction of myofibrils.

Which virus consists of partially double-stranded circular DNA?

Hepatitis B. Replication is achieved through reverse transcriptase; progeny has double-stranded DNA.

How does Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin work?

Intercellular protein ribosylation and inactivation of elongation factor-2 (EF-2).

What is bleeding time, PT, and PTT in hemophilia A?

PTT=prolonged; bleeding time and PT are normal.

What are fibronectins?

Molecules used in adhesion and migration.

USMLE Facts 1 USMLE Facts 2 USMLE Facts 3 USMLE Facts 4 USMLE Facts 5
USMLE Facts 6 USMLE Facts 7 USMLE Facts 8 USMLE Facts 9 USMLE Facts 10

Additional Readings:

Random USMLE Facts

1. Random USMLE Facts volume 1-1
2. Random USMLE Facts volume 2-1
3. Random USMLE Facts volume 3-1
4. Random USMLE Facts volume 4-1
5. Random USMLE Facts volume 5-1
6. Random USMLE Facts volume 6-1
7. Random USMLE Facts volume 7-1
8. Random USMLE Facts volume 8-1
9. Random USMLE Facts volume 9-1
10. Random USMLE Facts volume 10-1
11. Random USMLE Facts volume 11-1
12. Random USMLE Facts volume 12-1

General and Systemic Examinations

1. General Examination for Internal Medicine
2. Jugular Venous Distention Workup
3. ER Chest Pain Workup
4. Format for Patient Presentation
5. Pulmonary Examination for Internal Medicine
6. Cardiac Examination for Internal Medicine
7. Abdominal Examination for Internal Medicine
8. Cranial Nerve Reflexes
9. Motor System Examination
10. Random Sensory System Facts
11. Random Stroke Facts

Medical Files & Presentations

1. USMLE Flashcards [Size: 1.9 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
2. Otitis Media in Children [Size: 5.4 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
3. Irritable Bowel Syndrome [Size: 170 kB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
4. Acid-Base Disturbance: Acidotic or Alkalotic? [Size: 427 kB; Format: PDF]
5. Thrombocytopenia [Size: 2.42 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
6. Are Face Transplants Ethical? [Size: 70.2 kB; Format: MS Powerpoint]

USMLE Step 2 CS Videos

1. Video of Cardiology Examination in a Clinical Setting
2. Video of Neurology Examination in a Clinical Setting
3. Video of Pulmonology Examination in a Clinical Setting
4. Video of Musculoskeletal Examination in a Clinical Setting
5. Video of Abdominal Examination in a Clinical Setting
6. Video of HEENT Examination in a Clinical Setting
7. Video and Description of Rinne Hearing Test
8. Video and Description of Weber Hearing Test

USMLE Laboratory (lab) Values

1. USMLE Blood Lab Values
2. USMLE Cerebrospinal Lab Values
3. USMLE Hematologic Lab Values
4. USMLE Sweat and Urine Lab Values

Medical Images

Useful Medical Images & Diagrams (link opens in a new window)

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