Random USMLE Facts volume 5-6

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Random USMLE Facts volume 5-6:

USMLE Facts 1 USMLE Facts 2 USMLE Facts 3 USMLE Facts 4 USMLE Facts 5
USMLE Facts 6 USMLE Facts 7 USMLE Facts 8 USMLE Facts 9 USMLE Facts 10

What is a cystic hygroma?

A cystic hygroma is a posterior neck mass found in infants with Turner syndrome. This condition may be accompanied with swelling of the hands and feet.

What is the pathology of hemochromatosis?

There is a genetic abnormality of a protein, found in the intestinal epithelial cells, encoded by the HFE gene on chromosome 6. Some complications of hemochromatosis include liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. See: Notes on Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disorders

What is the link between testicular malignancy and hyperthyroidism?

hCG is a peptide hormone produced the placenta, and also by teratomas which are found in the testes and ovaries. It should be noted that hCG is structurally very similar to TSH. Thus, hCG can bind to the TSH receptor in the thyroid gland producing hyperthyroidism.

What is the function of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase?

The conversion of norepinephrine to epinephrine occurs in the adrenal medulla by a compound called phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase.

What viral hepatitis B antigen increases risk for vertical transmission of hepatitis to the unborn baby?

HBeAg.

What are the three genetic causes of Down syndrome?

Trisomy 21, unbalanced Robertsonian translocation, and mosaicism.

What cells are involved in pus formation?

Leukocytes.

What type of antibody makes a vaccination?

IgG.

What is the most common side-effect of inhaled glucocorticoids?

Oropharyngeal candidiasis. Prevention would be proper oral rinsing.

What would be an antidote to norepinephrine toxicity?

An alpha blocker like phentolamine.

Why shouldn't vitamin B6 mixed with L-Dopa?

Vitamin B6 increases the metabolism of L-Dopa and decreases its effectiveness.

Why is glucagon given in beta blocker overdose?

Because glucagon increases cAMP in cardiac myocytes.

How do glitazones work?

Glitazones work by increasing insulin sensitivity of tissues. This is done by binding the intracellular nuclear receptor (PPAR-gamma).

Why does warfarin-induced skin necrosis occur?

Warfarin-induced skin necrosis occurs due to inhibition of anticoagulant activity of protein C.

How is propionic acid formed? What are the findings in propionic academia?

Propionic acid is formed by catabolism of isoleucine, valine, threonine, methionine, cholesterol, and odd-chain fatty acids. Propionic academia results in poor feeding, vomiting, hypotonia, hypoglycemia, lethargy, dehydration, and anion gap acidosis.

What is the best treatment for hypertension in the setting of previous myocardial infarction and present congestive heart failure?

ACE inhibitors.

What is pure red cell aplasia (PRCA)?

Pure red cell aplasia is bone marrow failure that causes marrow hypoplasia in the setting of normal granulopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. Furthermore, iron and serum B12 levels are also within normal limits. The disease is completely idiopathic or may be occur in the presence of thymoma (thymic tumor) or B19 parvovirus infection.

USMLE Facts 1 USMLE Facts 2 USMLE Facts 3 USMLE Facts 4 USMLE Facts 5
USMLE Facts 6 USMLE Facts 7 USMLE Facts 8 USMLE Facts 9 USMLE Facts 10

Additional Readings:

Random USMLE Facts

1. Random USMLE Facts volume 1-1
2. Random USMLE Facts volume 2-1
3. Random USMLE Facts volume 3-1
4. Random USMLE Facts volume 4-1
5. Random USMLE Facts volume 5-1
6. Random USMLE Facts volume 6-1
7. Random USMLE Facts volume 7-1
8. Random USMLE Facts volume 8-1
9. Random USMLE Facts volume 9-1
10. Random USMLE Facts volume 10-1
11. Random USMLE Facts volume 11-1
12. Random USMLE Facts volume 12-1

General and Systemic Examinations

1. General Examination for Internal Medicine
2. Jugular Venous Distention Workup
3. ER Chest Pain Workup
4. Format for Patient Presentation
5. Pulmonary Examination for Internal Medicine
6. Cardiac Examination for Internal Medicine
7. Abdominal Examination for Internal Medicine
8. Cranial Nerve Reflexes
9. Motor System Examination
10. Random Sensory System Facts
11. Random Stroke Facts

Medical Files & Presentations

1. USMLE Flashcards [Size: 1.9 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
2. Otitis Media in Children [Size: 5.4 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
3. Irritable Bowel Syndrome [Size: 170 kB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
4. Acid-Base Disturbance: Acidotic or Alkalotic? [Size: 427 kB; Format: PDF]
5. Thrombocytopenia [Size: 2.42 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
6. Are Face Transplants Ethical? [Size: 70.2 kB; Format: MS Powerpoint]

USMLE Step 2 CS Videos

1. Video of Cardiology Examination in a Clinical Setting
2. Video of Neurology Examination in a Clinical Setting
3. Video of Pulmonology Examination in a Clinical Setting
4. Video of Musculoskeletal Examination in a Clinical Setting
5. Video of Abdominal Examination in a Clinical Setting
6. Video of HEENT Examination in a Clinical Setting
7. Video and Description of Rinne Hearing Test
8. Video and Description of Weber Hearing Test

USMLE Laboratory (lab) Values

1. USMLE Blood Lab Values
2. USMLE Cerebrospinal Lab Values
3. USMLE Hematologic Lab Values
4. USMLE Sweat and Urine Lab Values

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Useful Medical Images & Diagrams (link opens in a new window)

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