Random USMLE Facts volume 2-7

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Random USMLE Facts volume 2-7:

USMLE Facts 1 USMLE Facts 2 USMLE Facts 3 USMLE Facts 4 USMLE Facts 5
USMLE Facts 6 USMLE Facts 7 USMLE Facts 8 USMLE Facts 9 USMLE Facts 10

What are the brain stain findings in Alzheimer's disease?

Congo red staining of brain reveals patchy amyloid deposition. There may be senile plaques and amyloid angiopathy.

What is a pancreatic pseudocyst?

It is a complication of acute pancreatitis. It is lined by fibrous and granulation tissue, and is a collection of fluid rich in enzymes and inflammatory debris. This is a false cyst; unlike true cysts, it is not lined by epithelium.

What is the function of the retinoblastoma (Rb) protein?

It is a G1-S phase transition regulator. Active retinoblastoma protein serves as a 'break' and arrests cells in G0 phase. However, when retinoblastoma gene is hyperphosphorylated, it will allow cells to proceed from G1 to S phase. Thus, cell replication activity increases with a hyperphosphorylated retinoblastoma gene.

What is the exact function of interferons?

Selective inhibition of viral protein synthesis.

What are the treatments for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease?

Prednisone for Crohn's disease, and hydrocortisone suppositories for ulcerative colitis.

What happens in a respiratory alkalosis?

First, we need to understand the normal values:
• PO2 (lung) = 75-105 mm Hg; PO2 (air) = 150 mm Hg.
• PCO2 (blood) = 33-45 mm Hg. If it is below this range, the patient is being hyperventilated.

What are some findings in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?

Rapid onset of mild dementia, ataxia, startle myoclonus, hypertonicity. EEG reveals bursts of high-voltage slow waves. There is memory loss, dementia. This may happen due to prion proteins, genetic, or sporadic causes. Death occurs ~ 6-12 months after disease onset.

What molecules are found in the urine of multiple myeloma patients?

V-kappa C-kappa light-chain proteins.

What hormones are anti-insulin in nature?

Growth hormone, ACTH, TSH.

What is the FIRST sign of aspirin intoxication?

Tinnitus.

What is the mechanism of action of sirolimus?

It is an immunosuppressant and is used to inhibit T-cell proliferation by binding to mTOR. Doesn't harm the kidneys.

What are the findings in pancreatic carcinoma?

Abdominal and back pain, malaise, nausea, weakness, weight loss, vomiting, unilateral leg swelling. Pancreatic carcinomas spread silently, and are only diagnosed upon appearance of signs and symptoms. Most common cause is smoking. Diagnosis confirmed by ultrasonography or CT scan.

Lack of melanin (albinism) predisposes to what kind of cancer?

Squamous cell carcinoma. The patient may have pale skin, white hair, and red eyes.

What area does the median nerve supply?

• Sensation: anterior forearm and palmer aspect of thumb and adjacent two-and-one-half fingers.
• Motor: anterior forearm muscles (except flexor carpi ulnaris and one-half of flexor digitorum profundus).
• It also supplies thenar muscles and first and second lumbricals.

What happens when candida is inoculated in animal serum?

Germ tubes are formed.

What are the findings in pemphigus vulgaris?

Antibodies against desmoglein (forms intercellular linkages at desmosomes). There are painful ulcers, erosions on the gingival, buccal, and palatine mucosae (aphthous ulcers). There is loss of cohesion between epidermal cells.

What happens to bleeding time in uremia?

Increased bleeding time.

USMLE Facts 1 USMLE Facts 2 USMLE Facts 3 USMLE Facts 4 USMLE Facts 5
USMLE Facts 6 USMLE Facts 7 USMLE Facts 8 USMLE Facts 9 USMLE Facts 10

Additional Readings:

Random USMLE Facts

1. Random USMLE Facts volume 1-1
2. Random USMLE Facts volume 2-1
3. Random USMLE Facts volume 3-1
4. Random USMLE Facts volume 4-1
5. Random USMLE Facts volume 5-1
6. Random USMLE Facts volume 6-1
7. Random USMLE Facts volume 7-1
8. Random USMLE Facts volume 8-1
9. Random USMLE Facts volume 9-1
10. Random USMLE Facts volume 10-1
11. Random USMLE Facts volume 11-1
12. Random USMLE Facts volume 12-1

General and Systemic Examinations

1. General Examination for Internal Medicine
2. Jugular Venous Distention Workup
3. ER Chest Pain Workup
4. Format for Patient Presentation
5. Pulmonary Examination for Internal Medicine
6. Cardiac Examination for Internal Medicine
7. Abdominal Examination for Internal Medicine
8. Cranial Nerve Reflexes
9. Motor System Examination
10. Random Sensory System Facts
11. Random Stroke Facts

Medical Files & Presentations

1. USMLE Flashcards [Size: 1.9 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
2. Otitis Media in Children [Size: 5.4 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
3. Irritable Bowel Syndrome [Size: 170 kB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
4. Acid-Base Disturbance: Acidotic or Alkalotic? [Size: 427 kB; Format: PDF]
5. Thrombocytopenia [Size: 2.42 MB; Format: MS Powerpoint]
6. Are Face Transplants Ethical? [Size: 70.2 kB; Format: MS Powerpoint]

USMLE Step 2 CS Videos

1. Video of Cardiology Examination in a Clinical Setting
2. Video of Neurology Examination in a Clinical Setting
3. Video of Pulmonology Examination in a Clinical Setting
4. Video of Musculoskeletal Examination in a Clinical Setting
5. Video of Abdominal Examination in a Clinical Setting
6. Video of HEENT Examination in a Clinical Setting
7. Video and Description of Rinne Hearing Test
8. Video and Description of Weber Hearing Test

USMLE Laboratory (lab) Values

1. USMLE Blood Lab Values
2. USMLE Cerebrospinal Lab Values
3. USMLE Hematologic Lab Values
4. USMLE Sweat and Urine Lab Values

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