Random USMLE Facts volume 9-4

Rahul's Noteblog Notes on USMLE facts, Exam Tips, and USMLE Lab Values Random USMLE Facts volume 9-4

Random USMLE Facts volume 9-4:

USMLE Facts 1	USMLE Facts 2	USMLE Facts 3	USMLE Facts 4	USMLE Facts 5
USMLE Facts 6	USMLE Facts 7	USMLE Facts 8	USMLE Facts 9	USMLE Facts 10

What muscle is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve?

Geniogloccus muscle. When the right geniogloccus muscle is paralyzed, the left geniogloccus muscle moves the tongue forward and to the right.

What can severe anemia cause?

Decreased O2 content with normal arterial O2 saturation and normal arterial PO2, together with increased CO due to increased SV and HR.

What happens in testicular torsion?

Sudden onset of testicular pain in a young man. Precipitating factors include trauma and/or violent movement involving the testes. There is an occlusion of both the testicular artery and vein; note that the testicular arteries originate directly from the aorta. The right testicular vein drains into the IVC and the left testicular vein drains into the left renal vein.

What are the most numerous cells in a skin PPD test?

Macrophages; they can be counted with their endotoxin receptor CD14.

What are the findings in acute intermittent porphyria?

Acute intermittent porphyria is an autosomal dominant metabolic disorder more common in women. It can be precipitated by certain drugs; findings include abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, constipation, peripheral neuropathy, visual and auditory hallucinations, emotional instability, and paralysis.

What are the findings in "splitting" personality disorder?

Borderline personality disorder characterized by short-term episodes like depression, etc., self-mutilation, and characterizing people into good or bad extremes, and unstable interpersonal relationships.

What happens in injury to the pons?

Descending corticospinal and corticobulbar fibers are interrupted; the patient is paralyzed and cannot move facial muscles, but can move the eyes. The pons has a singular blood supply. The patient feels stuck within a paralyzed body.

What is myositis ossificans?

Myositis ossificans occurs in athletic adolescents and young dults following muscle trauma. Following muscle trauma, an area of damage heals with a fibroblastic proliferation that ossifies without any connection to the bone. Flocculent radiodensities surrounding a radiolucent center are seen on X-ray. Myositis ossificans can be cured by simple excision.

What is a VDRL test?

VDRL is a screening test for syphilis and is positive within 3-4 weeks after infection, and becomes negative 6 months after treatment.

What is a FTA-ABS test?

This test identifies organisms with anti-treponemal antibody. This test rises in titer and stays elevated (constant) throughout the life of the host.

What happens in methemoglobinemia?

Arterial oxygen content is below normal. Methemoglobinemia is caused due to congenital deficiency of NADPH-methemoglobin reductase. This results in accumulation of ferric iron and the inability to bind oxygen.

What is the blood supply of the lower anal canal?

Inferior rectal artery and inferior rectal veins.

What are some findings in Rocky Mountain Spotted fever?

Fever, headache, confusion, peripheral edema, and maculopapular rash. Causative organism is rickettsia rickettsii. The mechanism of action of rickettsia rickettsii is intracellular infection of endothelial cells.

Which cells are active most active in typical pneumonia?

Neutrophils.

What are the findings in ABO incompatability?

Hemolytic anemia due to Rh incompatability; findings include jaundice, increased bilirubin concentration; peripheral smear reveals many microspherocytes and reticulocytes.

USMLE Facts 1	USMLE Facts 2	USMLE Facts 3	USMLE Facts 4	USMLE Facts 5
USMLE Facts 6	USMLE Facts 7	USMLE Facts 8	USMLE Facts 9	USMLE Facts 10

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