Notes on Growth Hormone

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Growth Hormone (GH):

• Causes its effects by increased production of growth factors.

• Secreted from pituitary gland.

• Secretion promoted by GHRH; inhibited by somatostatin.

• Stress or catabolic hormone.

• Promotes entry of AAs into cells; caused due to somatomedin C or IGFs.

• Decreases glucose uptake; mobilizes fat.

• Pulsatile release during stages III and IV of non REM sleep.

• Androgens, thyroid hormones facilitate increased GH secretion.

Factors that increase GH secretion:

• Hypoglycemia, exercise, amino acids, etc.

Factors that decrease GH secretion:

• Glucose.

Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I):

• Promotes chondrogenesis; increasing height; increases lean body mass.

Deficiency:

• In pre-puberty causes Laron dwarfism; in post-puberty causes mild hypoglycemia.

Excess:

• In pre-puberty causes gigantism; in post-puberty causes acromegaly.

Additional Readings:

Basic Endocrinology

1. Introduction to Endocrinology
2. Hypothalamic-pituitary system
3. Adrenal Hormones
4. Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) and ECF Regulation
5. Endocrine Pancreas
6. Growth Hormone
7. Adrenal Medulla
8. Hormonal Control of Calcium and Phosphate
9. Thyroid Hormones
10. Hormones of Male Reproduction
11. Hormones of Female Reproduction
12. Fluid Compartments of the Body
13. Notes on Hypothalamus Anterior Pituitary and Thyroid
14. Additional Notes on Female Reproduction
15. Hormonal Signaling Pathways
16. FAQ on Adrenal Hormones
17. FAQ on Male Reproduction
18. Synthesis and Deficiencies of Adrenal Hormones

Related Topics

1. Histology of the Endocrine System
2. Histology of the Male Reproductive System
3. Histology of the Female Reproductive System

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