Notes on Internal Capsule
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Notes on Functions and Diseases of Cerebrum
Notes on Internal Capsule
INTERNAL CAPSULE
Location of Internal Capsule:
Between thalamus and lentiform nucleus.
Composition of Internal Capsule:
1. Anterior limb: Descending frontopontine fibres and thalamocortical fibres.
2. Genu and anterior two thirds of the posterior limb: corticospinal fibres.
3. Posterior limb: Descending corticospinal and corticobulbar fibres.
4. Retrolentiform section.
Important Fibres:
1. Thalamus to cerebral cortex (ascending fibres).
2. Cerebral cortex to thalamus, brainstem and spinal cord (descending fibres).
3. Other descending tracts to the corpus striatum, red nucleus, substantia nigra and inferior olivary nucleus.
External Capsule:
• Sited between putamen and claustrum.
Extreme Capsule:
• Sited lateral to claustrum.
Major Cerebral Commissures:
1. Corpus callosum - fibres fan out as the
a. Tapetum (link temporal and occipital lobes).
b. Lateral fibres intersecting the corona radiata.
c. From the splenium fibres radiate as the occipital (major) forceps to the occipital lobe and from the genu anteriorly into the frontal lobe as the frontal (minor) forceps.
2. Components: body, genu, splenium.
3. Function: co-ordinates the activities of the two cerebral hemispheres.
4. Other: anterior and posterior commissures.
Chapters on Cerebrum:
1. Anatomy of Cerebral Hemispheres
2. Functions of the Brain and Homunculus
3. Notes on Brodmann Areas
4. Cerebral Association and Commissural Fibres
5. Notes on CNS Functional Integration
6. Functions of Cerebral Lobes
7. Anatomy of the Inferior Cerebrum
8. Notes on Internal Capsule
9. Introduction to Cerebrum
10. Laminar Structure of Neocortex
11. Medial Cerebral Hemisphere
12. Notes on Cerebral Motor Axis
13. Notes on Somatic Sensory Axis
14. Specific Cerebral Cortical Functions
15. Surface of Cerebral Hemispheres
Additional Reading:
Basic Neurology
1. Peripheral Nervous System
2. Central Nervous System
3. The Ventricular System
4. The Spinal Cord
5. The Brain Stem
6. The Cerebellum
7. Visual Pathways
8. Diencephalon
9. Basal Ganglia
10. Cerebral Cortex
11. Sleep Disorders
12. Autonomic Nervous System
13. Cranial Nerves and Parasympathetic Ganglia
14. Cells of the Nervous System
15. Cerebrospinal fluid
16. Additional short notes on Cerebrum
17. Functions and Diseases of Cerebrum
18. Subcortical Grey Matter
19. Notes on The Spinal Cord
20. Regulation of Heart Rate by Autonomic Nervous System
21. Action Potentials, Axon Conduction, and Neuromuscular Junction
22. Types of Seizures
23. What is a Cough Reflex?
24. Notes on Congenital Prosopagnosia
25. Findings in Parkinson's Disease
26. Types of Heat Strokes
27. Types of Strokes
28. What is Benign Intracranial Hypertension?
29. What is Cauda Equina Syndrome?
30. Cranial Nerve Locations in Brain Stem
31. What is a Cluster Headache?
32. What is a Subarachnoid Hemorrhage?
33. What is a Tension Headache?
Neurology Videos
1. Video of Neurology Examination in a Clinical Setting
Medical Images
Useful Medical Images & Diagrams (link opens in a new window)
Related Topics
1. Nervous System Disorders
2. Histology of Nervous Tissue
3. Cranial Nerve Reflexes
4. Motor System Examination
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