Notes on Shigella

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Genus: Shigella.
• Gram - ; Enterobacteriaceae; non-lactose fermenter; non-motile.

S. dysenteriae; S. sonnei.

• Gram- non-motile rods; facultative anaerobes, non-lactose fermenting (colorless on EMB or MacConkey agar).
• Identified by biochemical reactions or serology with anti-O antibody in agglutination test.

• Found in human colon; no animals.

• Fecal to oral; fingers, flies, food, feces.

Pathogenesis:
• Endotoxin causes inflammation.
• M cell invasion; actin jet trails for lateral travel; very shallow ulcers.

Shiga toxin:
• By S. dysenteriae; Type 1.
• Three activities: neurotoxic, cytotoxic, enterotoxic.
• AB component toxin inhibits protein synthesis by clipping 60S ribosomal subunit.

Diseases:
• Enterocolitis/Shigellosis.
• Fever, lower abdominal pain, tenesmus, diarrhea (first watery then bloody), shallow ulcers.

Treatment:
• Mild: Fluid and electrolyte replacement.
• Severe: Antibiotics.

Use proper sanitation.

Additional Readings:

Basic Bacteriology

1. General Microbiology
2. Growth Medias and Oxygen Requirements
3. Staphylococus
4. Streptococcus
5. Enterococcus
6. Bacillus
7. Listeria
8. Corynebacterium
9. Actinomyces
10. Nocadria
11. Mycobacterium
12. Clostridium
13. Neisseria
14. Pseudomonas
15. Legionella
16. Bordetella
17. Francisella
18. Brucella
19. Campylobacter
20. Escherichia
21. Shigella
22. Klebsiella
23. Salmonella
24. Yersinia
25. Proteus
26. Vibrio
27. Pasteurella
28. Haemophilus
29. Bacteriodes and Prevotella
30. Treponema
31. Borrelia
32. Rickettsia
33. Coxiella
34. Ehrlichia
35. Chlamydia
36. Mycoplasma
37. What is an ELEK's Test?
38. Causes of Orchitis

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Page accessed on: September 8, 2010, 11:13 pm.

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